Grinding machine



Oct. 6, 1936. H. L. BLOOD 2,056,340

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 1, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Harold L Blood @WMM Oct.'6, 1936. H. L. 51.005 2,056,340

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 1, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 M a 4/ U v I I16 91 jf 1 25 Harold, hiBlood.

alike (M41 Patented Oct. 6, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE The Heald Machine Company,

Worcester,

Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application December .1, 1931, Serial No. 578,322

20 Claims.

The present invention relates to grinding machines and particularly to a machine for grinding the internal conical or cylindrical surfaces of gears, sleeves, bushings and like articles. The invention is directed specifically to the provision of mechanicalelements by which a reciprocating traverse is obtained between the grinding wheel and the workpiece.

The copending application of Guild, Serial No. 538,969, filed May 21, 1931-, discloses a grinding machine in which the reciprocations of thegrind ing wheel relative to the workpiece are procured by mechanically actuated means to which the carriage carrying the grinding wheel is releasably connected. The grinding wheel is separated axially from the workpiece at a predetermined point during the grinding operation, and again at the completion of the grinding operation to withdraw the grinding wheel out of the bore of the workpiece, and said separation is procured in response to the crossfeed movement of the grinding wheel relative to the workpiece by release of the reciprocating element from the reciprocatory carriage on which the grinding Wheel is mounted. For certain classes of work, it is desirable to control the separation of wheel and workpiece by an internal gage of the type shown, for example, in the McDonough patent Reissue No. 16,141, granted August 11, 1925. It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a carriage release which is controlled by a gage member, the latter being arranged to procure release of the carriage from the reciprocating member in response to the entry of a roughing gage within the bore of a workpiece during the grinding operation and also in response to the entry of a finish gage within the bore of the workpiece just as the workpiece reaches predetermined finished size, the entry of said gages also procuring separation of the wheel from the workpiece. The present invention is also intended to eliminate the electrical system necessary in the McDono-ug-h patent above cited by the provision of mechanical elements actuated directly by entry of the gage into the workpiece for a positive control of the carriage reciprocation.

In the grinding of workpieces having vary-ing lengths of surfaces to be ground as well as in workpieces in which the surfaces to be ground occupy different relative positions in the workholding member, provision must be made for varying the length of the reciprocatory stroke as well as varying the location of the grinding wheel relative to the workpiece during the reciprocation and it is accordingly another object of the present invention to provide a machine which incorporates a mechanically reciprocated mechanism which is adjustable both in the length of the reciprocation and in the location of the reciprocatory stroke.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a grinding machine embodying the invention, parts of the machine being broken away to show the actuating mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a section substantially along the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail view showing the gage controlled mechanism by which the mechanically reciprocated element is releasably connected to the carriage of the machine.

Fig. 4 is a detail of a portion of the mechanism for reciprocating the carriage.

Figs. 5 and 6 are details in perspective of certain parts of the gage controlling mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a section substantially along the line l-'l of Fig. 1 showing the mechanism by which the length of stroke of the carriage is adjusted.

Like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the drawings.

Referring first to Fig. 1, an internal grinding machine is shown having a base or frame I with a reciprocatory table 2 slidable thereon on which the workhead 3 is mounted, said workhead carrying a workholding member 4. The grinding wheel 5 is carried on a spindle t rotatably mounted in a wheelhead I, the latter being carried by a bridge 8 which spans the slideways provided on the machine frame I for the back and forth movement of the table 2. The grinding wheel 5'is driven from a driving motor III, as will hereinafter appear, and a workpiece a, mounted in the chuck or workholding member 4 carried by the workhead 3, is also rotated by the same motor at a reduced speed.

The table 2 is arranged to be manually reciprocated to move the workhead axially relative to the grinding wheel. Referring to Fig. 1, a bracket ll extending outwardly from the base I provides a pivotal mounting for a shaft l2, to which one end of a link l3 and one end of a crank arm 14 are rigidly secured for rocking movement therewith. The outer end of the link i3 is connected to the table 2 through a second link IS, the latter being pivotally connected at one end to the table 2 by a pin l6 and to the outer end of the first link by another pin or stud l1. Rocking movement of the crank will thus procure reciprocation of the table 2 toward or away from the grinding wheel, clockwise movement of the crank urging the workhead to the right to move the workpiece a into operative position relative to the grinding wheel and counterclockwise movement withdrawing the workhead to the left to move the workpiece out of operative position.

The table 2 is arranged to be mechanically reciprocated by a reciprocating mechanism to which the table is releasably connected. Referring to Fig. 1, a link |8 is pivotally connected by a shaft- 2| to a bracket 26 provided on the under side of the table 2, and the free end of said link l8 carries a pin 22 on which are pivotally mounted a pair of links 23 and 24, the latter link 24 being directly behind the link 23 in Fig. 1 but shown in end view in Fig. 4. Said links 23 and 24 are pivotally connected by a bolt 26 to the outer end of an arm 25 which is pivotally mounted on a shaft 21 supported in bearings in the base of the machine and to which a rocking motion is imparted as will hereinafter appear. As shownin Fig. 1, the forward end of the pin 22 is in the form of a rectangle, one corner of which is rounded as shown at 28. With the workhead in the position shown in Fig. 1, the rocking movement of the arm 25 imparts no movement to the workhead, the links I8, 23 and 24 permitting said arm to swing independently of the table 2. Clockwise movement of the crank arm |4, however, carries the workhead to the right to urge the workpiece carried by the workhead into engagement with the grinding wheel at which time the links I8, 23 and 24 assume the position shown in Fig. 3, in which position the pin 22 is engaged by a latch 3|] pivotally mounted on the under side of the carriage and normally hanging in the position shown for engagement with said pin. With the pin 22 held against movement relative to the carriage by said latch 36, the rocking movement of the arm 25 procures reciprocation of the workhead, thereby providing a reciprocating traverse between the grinding wheel and the workpiece.

The arm 25, through which the table 2 is reciprocated, is actuated by the driving motor l6 through mechanism which is adjustable to vary the extent of the rocking movement of said arm as Well as to vary the location of said rocking movement, thereby to change the position as well as the length of the reciprocatory stroke of the table.

Referring first to Fig. 2, the driving motor H) has an extended shaft 3| to which is fastened a pulley 32, the latter being connected by a belt 33 to a pulley 34 on a driving unit 35. The driven shaft 36 of said driving unit 35 carries a member 31 which is secured against rotation on said shaft by a key 38. The member 31 is one element of the adjustable means for changing the length of table stroke, and said means will be described before the description of the remainder of the table actuating mechanism. 7

Referring to Figs. 1 and 7, which show the adjustable means for varying the length of table stroke, the member 31 has a flange 40 integral therewith and said flange carries a shaft 4| parallel to the shaft 36 and eccentric thereto. A member 42 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 4| and provides a peripheral bearing surface 43 eccentric to the axis of the shaft 4|. Said member 42 provides two parallel extending arms 44 and 45, Fig. l, in which the ends of a shaft 46 are journaled. A worm 41 is fastened to said shaft 46 and is in mesh with a Worm gear 48 secured against rotation on the forward end of shaft 4| by a key 50, a nut 5| which engages the threaded end of the shaft 4| supporting said gear as well as the member 42 against axial movement on said shaft. One end of an arm 52 is journaled on the peripheral surface 43 of the member 42 and is held against axial movement between the flange 46 and a flange 53 provided on the member 42, the other end of said arm being connected to the rocking arm 25 as will hereinafter appear.

The member 42 is normally held against rotation on the shaft 4! by the gear 48 for rotation as a unit with said gear and the member 31 about the axis of the shaft 36 in response to rotation of said shaft. The peripheral surface 43 of the member 42 being eccentric to the shaft 36, as above pointed out, the arm 52, journaled on said surface 43, is given a reciprocating movement of a predetermined length. The reciprocating movement of the arm 52 may be varied in length by rotation of the member 42 about the shaft 4| to change the position of the eccentric surface 43 relative to the shaft 4|. The rotation of said member 42 is procured by rotation of the worm 41 which, through its rotation, changes the relative position of the worm gear 48 and the member 42 and, since the worm gear 48 is secured against rotation on shaft 4|, at the same time changes the relative position of the member 42 relative to the shaft 4| to vary the throw of the eccentric surface 43 relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft 36.

Rotation of the worm 41 to change the throw of the eccentric is procured externally of the base of the machine through a hand lever 54 which, as shown in Fig. 2, extends through an opening 55, Fig. 1, in the front of the base and may be rocked horizontally between two extreme positions as determined by adjustable set screws 56 and 51 carried by bosses 58 and 6|! on the front of the machine. The inner end of the hand lever 54 is non-rotatably secured to the upper end of a Vertical shaft 6| which is supported in bearings 62 and 63 provided by the frame. The lower end of the shaft 6| carries a bracket 64 to which is attached an arcuate cam 65, the center of curvature of said cam coinciding with the axis of the shaft 36. Said cam 65 is V-shaped in crosssection as shown in Fig. 2, for engagement between adjacent teeth or cogs 66 carried by a member 61, Fig. 1, secured to one end of the shaft 46. Referring to Fig. 1, one end of the cam member is located adjacent the lower end of the vertical shaft 6| and the cam member extends substantially in the plane of the worm gear 48 so that when the hand lever 54 is in the normal mid-position of Fig. 1, said cam member passes between adjacent cogs 66 on the member 61 without actuation of either, the relative position of the worm and worm wheel thus remaining unchanged and the eccentric surface 43 maintaining its adjusted position.

In order, however, to lengthen or shorten the stroke of the arm 52 and thus of the rocking arm 25, the lever 54 is rocked into engagement with one of the set screws 56 or 51. This movement of the lever 54rotates the shaft 6| and swings the right hand end of the arcuate cam out of the plane of the worm gear, to the right or left as shown in Fig. 2, so that as the cogs 66 are carried into engagement with said cam during rotation of shaft 36, the shaft 46 carrying said cogs is rotated by said cam, thereby changing the position of the member 42 which supports the worm 41 relative to the shaft 4| and accordiii ingly changing the length'of stroke of the arm 52. The stop members or set screws 56 and 51 are adjustable and are so located that when the hand lever 54 is moved into engagement with either of said stops, the cogs 85, during each rotation thereof past said cam in response to 1'0- tation of shaft 36, are turned in one direction or the other a distance equal to the spacing of said cogs, so that, during each subsequent rotation of said cogs, the latter are in a position to permit the arcuate cam to enter the space between the succeeding adjacent cogs. In this manner, the length of stroke of the arm 52 and accordingly the length of the reciprocatory movement of the workhead is varied in response to movement of the hand lever 54 externally of the machine into engagement with either stop member 55 or 51, without the necessity for stopping the driving mechanism, and the length of stroke continues to be varied until the hand lever is returned to mid-position As above pointed out, the reciprocations of the arm 52 procure a rocking movement of the arm 25, and the mechanism by which this movement is procured is best shown in Figs. 1 and 4. The forward end of the shaft 21 carrying the arm 25 is supported in a horizontal bore 88 in the base I of the machine and said shaft carries a member 10 rotatably mounted thereon, said member H3 being pivotally connected to the free end of the arm 52 by a pin H. The member 18 provides a bearing 12 in which is journaled a shaft 13, the latter having mounted against rotation on the forward end thereof a large gear M, and on the inner end'thereof a smaller gear 15 also non-rotatably mounted. The large gear 14 engages with gear teeth 16 formed on an enlargement of the shaft 2! and the small gear 15 engages with an arcuate gear segment 1'! which is integrally formed with a member 18 pivotally mounted on the shaft 21. A projecting lug l9 integrally formed on the member 18 extends between spaced parallel arms and 81 integral with the arm 25 and is held in position between said arms by adjusting screws 82 and 83 provided in the ends of the arms 80 and BI respectively for engagement with the opposite sides of the lug I9 to position the arm 25 relative to the member l8 and to cause said arm to move in unison with said member 18. The reciprocating movement of the arm 52, which is procured in the manner above pointed out, causes a rocking movement of the member E5 to which said arm 52 is connected, and this rocking movement rocks the gears 74 and 15 carried by said member 18 in an orbital path about the shaft 21. Since the gears M and T5 are dissimilar in size, and since the gear 14 meshes with a stationary gear on the shaft 27, it will be apparent that the member 18 is rotated in response to the rocking movement of the gears 14 and 15, thereby procuring a rocking movement of the arm 25.

The forward end of the shaft 21 which extends through the front of the base, Fig. 4, carries a knob 84 by which the shaft 21 may be rotated to change the position of the gear teeth 16 relative to the gear segment 11, thereby to change the location of the rocking movement of the 'arm 25 as will be apparent. In this manner the position or location of the reciprocations of the carriage is shifted as desired to different positions longitudinally of the base.

The reciprocatory movements of the table operate to procure a crossfeed movement of the grinding wheel relative to the workpiece to urge said wheel transversely of the machine, thereby to cut successively deeperand deeper into the surface of the workpiece. Referring to Fig. 1, the whcelhead is mounted on a cross-slide, not shown, which is engaged by a threaded crossfeed screw 84a'mounted in the bridge 8. A ratchet wheel 85a is connected to said screw 84a and is actuated by a pawl 86a carried on a .pivotal'ly mounted arm 81a. The arm is rocked by a cam, not shown, on the table which, during the reciprocations of the table engages and rocks an arm 88a secured to the shaft on which the arm 81a is secured, thereby to procure, by rocking of said arm 88a, a crossfeed movement of the grinding wheel.

The reciprocating mechanism is arranged to be released from positive "driving connection with the workhead in response to a gage mechanism of the type shown in the above cited McDonouglr patent. Referring to- Fig. 3, a gage rod 85 is slidable axially within the hollow spindle on which the workhcad is mounted and carries on the inner end thereof a pair of gages'88 and 81-, the gage 81 being of a size to enter the workpiece a before the workpiece is ground to finished size to separate the wheel and work to permit a dressing operation to be performed on the grinding wheel, and the gage 86 is arranged to enter the workpiece just as said workpiece reaches predetermined finished size, the longitudinal "movement of said gages as they enter the bore of the workpiece procuring separation of the mechani cal reciprocating element from the table[ A rod 88 is slidably mounted in the table 2 in parallel relation to the gage rod 85 and the outer or left hand ends of the rods 85 and 88"are rigidly connected by a member 90 such that said rods reciprocate as a unit. The table 2 carries a depending lug 9| on the under side thereof which receives a slidable bar 92 in a horizontal bore 93 therein, the inner or right hand end of the bar 92 engaging a flat surface on the latch 38 which, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, is pivotally mounted on a pin 94 on the underside of the carriage. The outer or left hand end of the rod 92 carries an adjusting screw 95 which is in alignment with and arranged to be engaged by a member 96 which is vertically slidable in a bore 91 provided in the member 98. As the carriage is reciprocated in operative position, an adjustable stud 98 mounted on the wheelhead engages the inner end of the rod 88 during the movement of the carriage to the right,said stud operating to hold said gages 88 and 81 away from the end of the workpiece as the grinding wheel passes along the bore thereof to permit said grinding wheel to traverse the entire surface of the workpiece without coming in contact with said gages. As the table is reversed and moved to the left, the rod 88 is carried by the table out of contact with the stud '98 and the gages move into the position shown in Fig. '3 under the influence of a spring 99 which urges said gages to the right.

During the preliminary grinding operation, the diameter of the workpiece is such that the roughing gage 8'! does not enter the bore thereof. When the workpiece a. is ground sufficiently to permit the gage 8'! to enter therein, however, the rods 85 and 88 are carried inwardly to the right beyond the normal position of Fig. 3, a distance corresponding to the thickness of the gage 8?. Since the member 98 moves as a unit with said rods, said member is also moved to the right beyond the original position and carries the lower end of the slidable member 96 against the screw 95 to urge the bar 92 to the right, thereby to swing the latch 30 to release the reciprocating mechanism. A plunger I00, which is vertically slidable in the latch and engages the upper surface of the pin 22, is pressed downwardly by a spring IOI so that, as the latch 30 is actuated to release said pin 22, said plunger presses said pin downwardly to urge said pin positively out of engagement with a notch I02 of the latch which normally engages the under side of said pin to maintain said pin in position. This inward movement of the gage rod and the parts connected thereto beyond the normal position thus procures release of the actuating mechanism from the table and separation of the wheel from the work.

The work is automatically separated from the wheel upon release of the table from the reciprocating mechanism. As shown in Fig. 1, 2. lug I03 on the under side of the table is in alignment with a plunger I04 horizontally slidable in the base of the machine and pressed toward the left by a. spring I05. The plunger is engaged by said lug just before the wheel enters the workpiece during movement of the table to the right, and is carried to the right against the pressure of the spring during the movement of the table into operative position. Upon release of the pin 22 from the latch 30, the plunger urges the table to the left to carry the workpiece out of engagement with the grinding wheel, the table assuming a position such that the wheel is just beyond the end of the workpiece.

Upon release of the table from the reciprocating mechanism, a dressing operation may be performed on the grinding wheel by a dressing tool I06, the latter being manually rocked about an axis on which it is mounted to position said tool in alignment with said wheel for engagement with the surface thereof, the workhead on which said dressing tool is mounted being manually reciprocated during the dressing operation to carry the tool I06 back and forth over the face of the wheel.

The grinding wheel and workpiece are again placed in operative position after the dressing operation for continued reciprocation of the table to complete the grinding operation. During this continued grinding operation the roughing gage 81 continues to enter the bore of the workpiece on each reciprocation of the table, and is pre vented from procuring release of the actuating mechanism from said table by engagement of the member 96 with the adjusting screw 95, as would normally occur, by the mechanism now to be described. A pivoted lever I0I carried by the member 90 engages an adjustable stud I08 on the table 2 during the movement of the gage 81 as said gage enters the bore of the workpiece, and said lever is rocked in a counterclockwise direction. The upper end of the lever I01 engages a horizontally slidable rod I09 in the member 90 and, during the counterclockwise rocking movement of said lever I01, urges said rod I09 to the left, Fig. 3, to raise the member 96. Upward movement of the member 96 operates to withdraw vertically a surface III! of said member which surface was in position to actuate the latch 30 through the rod 92 and screw 95 when the roughing gage entered the workpiece, this withdrawal movement acting to prevent contact of said surface I I0 with said adjusting screw during the subsequent grinding. The slidable rod I09, by which to procure the upward movement of the member 96, is provided with a notch III,

Fig. 6, in its upper surface thereof and is flattened at II2 to engage with a flattened surface II3 of the vertical slide member 96, best shown in Fig. 5. Directly above the flattened surface I I3, the member 96 is provided with angularly related surfaces H4 and H5 which form a downwardly extending projection arranged to engage in the notch III in the rod I09 during the preliminary grinding on the workpiece, a spring I I511, Fig. 3, maintaining adownward pressure on said member 96. When the lever I0! is rocked, as above pointed out, upon entry of the roughing gage within the bore of the workpiece to move the slidable rod I09 to the left, the surface I I4 rides upwardly along the side of the notch III, thereby raising the member 96 vertically in the bore in which it is slidable to position a second surface I I6 on the lower end of said member 96 in position to engage the screw 95 on the rod 92 when the finish gage enters the bore of the workpiece.

After resumption of the grinding operation following the dressing operation on the wheel, the grinding continues until the finish gage 86 enters the workpiece. Entry of the gage involves movement of the gage rod and its associated parts to the right, moving the surface I I6 of the member 96 into engagement with the adjusting screw 95 to move the rod 92 to the right, thereby to release the latch 30 and to procure separation of the table from the grinding wheel, the inward or right hand movement of the rod 92 causing the latch 30 to swing to release the pin 22 in the manner above set out.

With the workhead in rest position, to which position it is manually moved upon release from the reciprocatory mechanism, the workholding member is opened to release the workpiece by clockwise rotation of a lever I20, Fig. 1, pivoted at I 2| on the workhead. The lever I20 carries a depending arm I22 integral therewith which engages a collar I23 on the rod 88 to urge the rod 88 to the left as the workholding member is opened, movement of rod 88 to the left carrying the gage rod 85, movable as a unit with said rod 88 to the left to withdraw the gages 86 and 81 from within the bore of the workpiece.

The clockwise rotation of the lever arm I20 to open the workholding member and to withdraw the gages 86 and 81 from the workpiece operates also to return the table releasing mechanism to original position. Referring to Fig. 3, movement of the rod 88 to the left by said lever I20 involves movement of the member therewith such that the left hand end of the slidable rod I09 carried by said member 90 is brought into engagement with an adjustable screw III supported in a bracket II8 mounted on an extension II9 of the table 2, said rod I09 being there by moved to the right relative to the member 90 whereby the angularly related surfaces H4 and I I5 on the member 96 again engage the notch I I I and the member 96 is returned by the spring II5a. to its original position in readiness for its subsequent operation to procure release of the reciprocating mechanism from the table when the roughing gage 8I enters the bore of the workpiece during a subsequent grinding operation.

The workholding member, rotatably mounted in the workhead, is driven from a long pulley or drum I24 which is mounted in the base and connected to the drive shaft 3I of the motor by a coupling I25. A driving belt I26 extends from the drum I24 to a pulley I2'I on the spindle which carries the workhead.

The grinding wheel is also rotated from the driving motor and in the oppositedirection of rotation through a driving belt I28 which engages a pulley I29 on the end of the grinding wheel spindle. As best shown in Fig. 2, the driving shaft 3i of the motor carries a pulley I30 over which a driving belt I3! is carried; said driving belt l3l runs from the pulley I330 over an idling pulley F32, around a pulley I33 mounted on a shaft I35, and around a second idling pulley I35. Since the outer face of the belt i3l engages the surface of the pulley I33, it will be apparent that the shaft I34 to which the pulley H3 is keyed, rotates in the opposite direction from the driving shaft 3i. The shaft 1.3 1 carriesa second pulley I36 around which the belt I28 passes, said belt being held tight by a spring pressed idler pulley I31 which engages said belt 128. Since the shaft [34 rotates in the opposite direction from the shaft 3!, it will be apparent that the grinding wheel is driven in the direction oi rotation oppositev to the direction of rotation of the workholding member, thereby to procure the desired cutting action between said grinding wheel and workpiece.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that the carriage, reciprocation of which procures a relative traverse between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, is arranged for mechanical reciprocation; The connection of said carriage to the. mechanical reciprocating. means is releasable and the carriage is disconnected from the reciprocating means in response to the entryof a gage into the workpiece. The machine is arranged to procure separation of the grinding wheel andthe work during the grinding operation by the entry .of. a rough-ing gage within the .bore of the workpiece and subsequently to procure a second separation of the grinding wheel from the workpiece in response to the entry ofa finished gage within the bore .of the workpiece when the workpiece has been ground to predetermined finished size. Subsequent to the entry of the roughing gage within the workpiece after the carriage is again. connected to the reciprocating means, the roughing gage is rendered inoperative to release the. carriage from said means, since the roughing [gage continues to enter the workpiece. At the completion of the grinding operation thecarriageis run out to rest positionand this runout .causeatheroughing gage to become again operative for .a subsequent grinding operation. The machine is arranged to permit a change in the length .of the reciprocatory stroke as .well as to change the position of the reciprocatory stroke during the operation of the machine, both adjustments being accessible fromrthe front of the machine.

- -I claim:

1. In a grinding machine, a grinding -member and a work-supporting member, a carriagesupporting one of said members, reciprocating means releasably'connected to said carriage, and a gage arranged to procure separation of said carriage from said reciprocatory means in response to entry thereof within a workpiece in said workholding member.

-, .2. In a. grinding machine, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of. said. members, reciprocatory means .releasably connected to said carriage, a gage for determining the size of a. workpiece in said worksupporting member, and means. controlled by said gage to .release saidcarriage from said re- .ciprocatory means.

:3..?In a grinding machine, a grinding mem- .oarriage to actuate said 'sition, gage means for her and .a w rk-suppor ing mber. a carria e for one of said. mem ers.v re pr catory means releasably conne ted to saidc rr g me ns to release said parriase from said r cipr atory means, and gage means arranged to enter a workpiece in said vwor1 s.upn .rting member during. the g n ing op r tion to actuat said r leasing means.

.4. In. a. grinding machine, a grindingmember and a work-suppo tin member, a carria for one of said memb r recipr catory me ns re.- leasably connected to said carriage, means to release. said car iage from said reciprocatory means, gage means for entry within the bore of a workpiece in said work-supporting. member whenthe-latter reaches a predetermined size for actuating said releasing m ans during the prosress of a grinding, operation, and other gage means arranged to enter the bore of said workpiece subsequent totlie entry ,ofsaid first gage to actuate said releasing, means.

.5 ...Inra grinding machine, a grinding member and a work-supporting, member, a carriage for one or said members, reciprocating means releasably connected to saidcarriage, and gage means arranged to enter the bore of a workpiece in said work-supporting member to release said carriage from said reciprocating means during the grinding operation and again at the end of the grinding operation.

.6. Ina grindingmachine, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said. members, reciprocating means releasablyconnectedto saidcarriage, means .to release said reciprocating means from .said carriage, a gage arrangedtoenter the bore of a workpiece in said work-supporting member during the grinding operation to actuate said releasing means, means to render saidgage inoperative upon connection of the carriage to said reciprocating means subsequent to the release by said gage, and another gage subsequently .to actuate said releasing means .on .entry of .said gage into the workpiece.

7. In a grinding machine, a grinding member and awork-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members, reciprocating means releasa'bly connected to said carriage, means to release said reciprocating means from said carriage, a gage arranged to 'enter a workpiece in said Work supporting member during the grinding opera.- tion to actuate said releasing means, means to render said gage inoperative upon connectionof the carriage to said reciprocating means subsequent to the release by said gage, another gage subsequently to actuate said releasing means on entry of saidgage into the workpiece, and auto.- matic means to .render .said first gage operable :for a subsequent grinding operation.

.8. in .a grinding machine, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for oneof said members having a remote inoperative position and .an operative position with said.

grinding -member in operative engagement with a workpiece in said work-supporting member, manually actuated means :to move said carriage Irom inoperative position to operative position, reciprocating meansreleasably connected to said carriage in operative podetermining the size of said workpiece to release said carriage from said reciprocating means during a grinding operation, means to render said gage inoperative subsequent to release oi said carriage, other gage means to release said carriage from said reciprocating means subsequent to the operation of said first gage, and means responsive to movement of said carriage to rest position to render said first gage operative in readiness for a subsequent grinding operation.

9. In a machine of the class described, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members, means to reciprocate said carriage to procure a traversing movement of the grinding member relative to the work-supporting member, mechanical control means for controlling the reciprocation of said carriage, a gage for entry within the bore of a workpiece in said work-supporting member when said workpiece reaches a desired size, and mechanical means connecting said gage to the control means and actuated directly by the movement of said gage to procure cessation of the reciprocation of said carriage when said gage enters the bore of the workpiece.

10. In a machine of the class described, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members, means to reciprocate said carriage to procure a traversing movement of the grinding member relative to the work-supporting member, mechanical control means for controlling the reciprocation of the carriage, a gage for entry within the bore of a workpiece in said work-supporting member when said workpiece reaches a desired size, and mechanical means connecting said gage to the control means and actuated directly by the movement of said gage to procure cessation of the reciprocation of said carriage and separation of the grinding wheel from the workpiece when said gage enters the bore of said workpiece.

11. In a machine of the class described, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members, means to reciprocate said carriage to procure a traversing movement of the grinding member relative to the work-supporting member, a gage for entry within the bore of a workpiece during the grinding operation when the workpiece reaches the de sired size, control means for controlling the operation of said reciprocating means, mechanical means connecting said gage to the control means and actuated directly by the movement of said gage as the latter enters the bore of the workpiece for a positive actuation of the control means to procure separation of the grinding wheel from the workpiece, other gage means for entry within the bore of said workpiece subsequent to the entry of said first gage, after the grinding wheel and workpiece have been returned to operative position, said mechanical means being again actuated in response to the movement of said other gage as it enters the bore of the workpiece, for a positive actuation of the control means to procure a second separation of the grinding wheel from the workpiece.

12. In a grinding machine, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members, reciprocating means releasably connected to said carriage, means to release said reciprocating means from said carriage, a gage for determining the size of a workpiece in said work-supporting member, means under the control of said gage to actuate said releasing means, means to render said gage inoperative upon connection of the carriage to said reciprocating means subsequent to the release by said gage, another gage for determining the size of said workpiece, and means under the con,-

trol of said other gage to actuate said releasing means.

13. In a grinding machine, a carriage for procuring a reciprocatory traverse of a grinding Wheel over the surface of a workpiece, an oscillating arm releasably connected to said carriage for reciprocation thereof, and means for varying the position of oscillation of said arm to shift the position of reciprocation of said carriage, said means being manually actuated during the oscillation of said arm.

14. In a grinding machine, a carriage for procuring a reciprocatory traverse of a grinding wheel over the surface of a workpiece, an oscillating arm releasably connected to said carriage for reciprocation thereof, means for varying the po sition of oscillation of said arm to shift the position of reciprocation of said carriage, said means being manually actuated during the oscillation of said arm, and means for varying the angular oscillation of said arm to change the length of stroke of said carriage, said last means being manually actuated during the oscillation of said arm.

15. In apparatus of the class described, a reciprocable carriage, an oscillating arm, a link connected to one. end of said arm and providing a connection between said carriage and arm to provide for movement of the carriage in response to movement of the arm, a second link connected to the carriage and said first link to guide said first link, and means responsive to movement of said carriage toward said arm for locking said first link against movement relative to said carriage to procure reciprocation of said carriage in response to the oscillation of said arm.

16. In a grinding machine, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members,;reciprocatory means releasably connected to said carriage, size-determining means for determining the size of a workpiece in the work-supporting member, and means actuated directly by said size-determining means through mechanical elements for releasing said carriage from said reciprocatory means when the workpiece has been reduced to a predetermined size.

17. In a grinding machine, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members, reciprocating means releasably connected to said carriage, size-determining means, and means actuated directly by said size-determining means and through mechanical elements connected to said size-determining means and operable when a workpiece in the work-supporting member reaches a desired size for releasing said carriage from said reciprocating means, said size determining means being subsequently operative after said carriage and reciprocating means have been reconnected for again actuating said releasing means to release said carriage from said reciprocating means when the above workpiece has been reduced to another predetermined size.

13. In a machine of the class described, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage on which one of said members is mounted, means for reciprocating said carriage for procuring a traversing movement of the grinding wheel relative to a workpiece in the work-supporting member, means for controlling the reciprocation of said carriage, a gage member adapted to enter the bore of the workpiece when the latter reaches a predetermined size, and mechanical elements providing a direct connection between said gage and the controlling means and actuated directly by entry of said. gage within the workpiece for procuring cessation of the reciprocation of said carriage.

19. In a machine of the class described, a grinding member and a work-supporting member, a carriage on which one of said members is mounted, means for reciprocating said carriage for procuring a traversing movement of the grinding Wheel relative to a workpiece in the work-supporting member, means for controlling the reciprocation of said carriage, a gage member adapted to enter the bore of the workpiece when the latter reaches a predetermined size, and mechanical elementsproviding a direct connection between said gage and the controlling means and actuated directly by entry of said gage within the workpiece for procuring cessation of the reciprocation of said carriage and separation of the grinding member from the workpiece.

20. In a grinding machine, a grinding member and a Work-supporting member, a carriage for one of said members, reciprocating means releasably connected to said carriage to procure a traversing movement between the grinding memher and a workpiece in said work-supporting member when said grinding member is in operative position, size-determining means, and means connected mechanically to said size-determining means and actuated directly thereby for releasing said carriage from said reciprocating means during the progress of the grinding operation, and means operable on said release to procure separation of the grinding wheel from the workpiece.

HAROLD L. BLOOD. 

